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考研英语听力——日常用语基本要求1-新译通翻译公司
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来源:新译通翻译公司 时间:2006-06-02
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日常问候用语是考生必须熟练运用的知识，这与考生的口语操练有很大关系。说促进听，是许多英语学习者的心得。而且日常问候要视人而定，如英国人见面谈天气，美国人见面问身体等。下面作详细介绍：
1.问候类(Greetings)
英语中的问候用语非常繁多，正式的通常有：
How do you do?(初次见面通常用语)
How are you?(比较熟悉的人之间用语)
How are you getting along with...?(你近来...可好?)
How are you doing?(您工作还顺利吧?)
How is everything?(一切还好吧?)
How is your vacation/holiday(s)/Christmas Day/weekend?(假期怎么样?)
当今美国社会流行口语用语，大致有：
What's up?(近来可忙?)
Hello?Hi?
What's going on?(近来可好?)
How is life?
How is it going?anything new?
Pleased to meet you again!
对以上问候的对答通常有How do you do!
Fine!Thank you，and you?
Every is fine!
I'm just great!
Very(quite)well，thank you!
Couldn't be better，thank you!
Not bad!
Can't complain!
Just so so.
值得一提的是，随着美语越来越广泛地渗透，听力中用美语朗读且以美国社会为背景的题材的趋势愈加明显。考生要注意日常口语对话，及时吸取信息，将对听力有很大的帮助。
请看下面的对话：
A：Good morning, Ms Lucy. This is Betty, can you still remember me?
B：Betty? Is it really? Surely I remember you. You are my good friend, and I haven??t seen you for ages, but how are you?
A：Fine, I??m just fine, Ms Lucy...
2.告别类(Farewell)
有聚总有散。告别情景的设置往往并非简单、直接地告别，常伴随着理由、托辞等。
直接的告别话语有：
Good bye! (Bye bye! Bye!)
See you (tomorrow)! See you later!
So long! Farewell!
委婉的告别辞有：
I'd like to say goodbye to everyone.
I'm afraid I must be going now.
I'm calling to say goodbye.
其他带有祝愿以及叮嘱等的告别辞有：
I'll look forward to seeing you soon.
Let's hope we ll meet again.
Hope to see you again.
Drop in anytime you like.
Mind how you go, bye!
Take care of yourself, and don't forget to keep in touch.
Do keep in touch!
My regards to your family.
A pleasant journey to you!
I'll miss you!
这种表达方式与中国人的日常言谈颇为相似，所以有时不妨可作大胆推测。
请在下面的对话中对此加以体会：
M: I'm afraid I've got to go now。
W: Can't you stay just another minute?
M: Oh, dear, I really have to...
W: Ok, take care of yourself, and I will miss you. Bye!
M: Bye!...
3.介绍(Introduction)
在日常生活中我们会经常碰到一些朋友小聚会，生日晚会等场面。在这些活动中，总会有一些我们不认识的人，因而互相介绍在这里就显得非常的重要。在听力中，人物介绍往往是一句带过，因此通过这些有限句子弄清人物关系十分重要。同时要注意语气的委婉。
英语中介绍性的语句通常有：
May I know your name?(请问贵姓?)
It's my pleasure to introduce you to each other.(我非常高兴给你们互相介绍)
May I introduce Mr. Bill to you all?(请允许我给大家介绍以下比尔先生)
Margaret，can you introduce me to her?(玛格丽特，你能不能把我介绍给她?)
Let me introduce you to others.(让我给大家介绍一下你吧)
Meet my sister Cathy.(这是我的姐(妹)凯丝)
Bill, this is Tom.
Hi, I'm Susan，this is my calling card.(你好!我是苏珊，这是我的名片)
下面是对话：
A: Mum, this is Peter. I mentioned him to you yesterday. He is my new boyfriend!
B: Oh, yeah, I see. Glad to meet you, Peter.
C: Glad to meet you too, Mrs Back. This is my calling card.
B: Oh, the manager of IMC. How come? Mary, you said last night he was only a milkman…
A: Yeah, mum. Peter is a milkman. He is the manager of International Milk Corporation. You see, he is the only person in his corporation he founded this morning.
B: My God!
4.邀请和拜访(Invitation and dropping in)
我们在日常生活中，经常会邀请他人或被邀请一起去做一些事，如参加一些朋友的聚会、拜访长辈或名人。英美人说话很委婉，要注意情态动词与固定句型的应用。邀请有书面的，也有口头的。英语中常用的邀请语有：
Would you like to come over our small party?(你愿意参加我们的小聚会吗?)
If you ever in Beijing, please do look me up.(如果你来北京，请一定来看我)
Would you like to join us?(喜欢和我们一起吗?)
Shall we go for a walk?(去散步，好吗?)
What about another coffee?(再来一杯咖啡?)
Shall we go to see a film?(去看电影，好吗?)
May I have a dance with you?(可以请你跳个舞吗?)
We'd be very honored if you come to our wedding ceremony.(如果你能参加婚礼，我们将感到非常的荣幸。)
Would you honor us with a visit?(可否赏光来我们这儿?)
I'd like to invite you to attend our graduation ceremony.(我希望你能参加我们的毕业典礼。)
I'm very sorry，but can we make it another time?(很对不起，下次可以吗?)
Welcome to our city!(欢迎光临我们的城市!)
Are you free this evening?I want to pay you a visit.(晚上有时间吗?我想去看你。)
I really can't thank you enough for the invitation.(得到你的邀请，我感激涕零。)
It's my great honor to attend this grand graduation ceremony.(能参加这次盛大的毕业典礼，我感到非常的荣幸。)
对于别人邀请的回答要注意分寸，也要礼貌对待。总之，“客套”是此类对话的本质。
在考研听力的情景对话中，邀请的日常用语也经常出现。下面是一些模拟听力对话：
Dialogue 1
M: Will you do me the honor of dancing with me, Mrs. Jones?
W: Oh, I'm really sorry. I??ve done too much of it.
M: Ok, I see...
Dialogue 2
M: Would you like to see a film with me tonight?
W: Oh, it is great.
Dialogue 3
M:How about have a drink in that bar?
W:I'm afraid I can??t...
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